Przegląd Menopauzalny

Abstract

1/2026 vol. 25
Review paper

Menopause and mental health: clinical evidence and public discourse

Menopause Rev 2026; 25(1): 36-44

Online publish date: 2026/06/05
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Confronting perimenopausal women’s knowledge of coronary heart disease with their health behaviours. Controversial role of hormone replacement therapy in the protection of coronary heart disease

The global

discourse surrounding menopause has undergone a seismic shift,

transitioning from clinical silence to a hyper-visible cultural

phenomenon. However, this "menopausal turn" has introduced

a significant paradox: while visibility reduces stigma, it frequently

replaces clinical nuance with market-driven, reductive narratives. This paper

provides a comprehensive bio-psycho-social synthesis of the menopause

transition, bridging the gap between emerging neurobiological evidence and

contemporary public discourse. We examine the neuroendocrine basis of

perimenopausal mood changes, illustrating how fluctuating ovarian steroids –

specifically oestradiol and progesterone – modulate serotonergic, dopaminergic,

and GABAergic systems to create a window of psychiatric vulnerability.

Challenging the "oestrogen deficiency" monocausal model, we integrate

epidemiological data from major longitudinal cohorts, such as the Study of

Women’s Health Across the Nation, to highlight the "domino effect" of

vasomotor symptoms, sleep fragmentation, and pre-existing psychosocial

stressors. A critical focus is placed on the diagnostic attribution bias

prevalent across medical specialties. We argue that primary care and psychiatry

often operate through divergent "disciplinary lenses," leading to the

misattribution of symptoms and fragmented care pathways. Furthermore, we

critique the commercialisation of the "wellness" industry, which

often leverages "femvertising" to promote non-clinical solutions that

mask complex neurobiological realities. Ultimately, this paper advocates for

a nuanced, interdisciplinary framework. By reconciling physiological

evidence with the lived sociocultural experience, healthcare providers can move

beyond superficial public narratives to deliver individualized, evidence-based

care that addresses the holistic mental and physical wellbeing of women

navigating this profound midlife transition.

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