The article describes the most important advances in clinical oncology in 2006. Only achievements in managing solid tumors are discussed. Advances in chemoprevention, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy in breast cancer are presented. The updated data on adjuvant chemotherapy in lung cancer are discussed, as well as targeted therapy and molecular markers of response to chemotherapy. Data on management of colorectal cancer are systematized. In pancreatic cancer advances in adjuvant and palliative treatment are discussed. Good quality of life of patients with advanced ovary cancer treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy is confirmed and promising results of therapy with bevacizumab are presented. Outcomes after adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in carcinosarcoma of the uterus are compared.