Introduction. The perioperative period, regardless of its duration, presents a fear situation for most patients prepared for surgery. In one-day surgery system, referred to as “same-day admission surgery,” the patient spends a maximum of 72 hours in the treatment unit. Reduced time to prepare for the operation, operational period and post-operative care involves a series of concerns.

Aim of the study. An indication of the aspects and diversity of concerns affecting the level of anxiety in patients undergoing surgery in the one-day surgery system.

Material and methods. In preparing the study, the database consisting of electronic resources of EBSCO, Elsevier, Wiley-Blackwell and Central Medical Library was used. Time range covered by publications between 2006 and 2013. In bibliography search, a variety of descriptors were used, such as: patient, same-day admission surgery, communication, anxiety, expectations, the perioperative period.

Conclusions. During the entire perioperative period in the single-day surgery patient may suffer from a number of fears. Medical personnel should pay particular attention to the type and level of anxiety and expectations of patients undergoing surgical procedures under same-day admission system. Recognition and consideration of the causes of anxiety affects its reduction, increased sense of security and a higher level of satisfaction from care and treatment.

Nursing Topics 2015; 23 (1): 265–268