Patients with nephropathy in the dental office*

Organ transplantation is often the only effective
treatment for end-stage renal failure. The role of the
dentist is to carry out comprehensive sanitation of
the oral cavity prior to transplantation surgery, as
well as to provide patient education of oral hygiene.
Particular attention should be paid to the occurrence
of periodontitis, xerostomia and lesions of the
oral mucosa. All surgical procedures, subgingival
scaling, curettage and administration of drugs to the
periodontal pockets require prophylaxis of infective
endocarditis. During pharmacotherapy it is necessary
to know the interaction between medicines and their
possible nephrotoxicity. Immunosuppressive therapy
in patients after transplantation often leads to side
effects in the oral cavity, for example: gingival
overgrowth, opportunistic infections (bacterial, viral
and fungal), xerostomia or precancerous conditions. In
the initial period after the transplant dental treatment
should be limited to first aid in emergencies due to
the intake of medicines that reduce blood clotting
and their associated increased risk of bleeding. The
first dental checkup and necessary treatment should
be performed in 3-6 months after transplantation.
Detailed interview and thorough physical examination
should be extended to additional tests (mycological,bacteriological, virological, serological, molecular
PCR, and histopathology)