Anal abscesses and fistula often cause hospitalisation of patients in surgical wards. Abscess cutting and closing operations are undertaken in most of surgical wards in the ER mode; however, fistula, mainly the complicated ones, need better equipped with special proctological facilities. Unfortunately, despite using modern, advanced methods of treatment, the disease or complications that appear after surgery often return. That is why the improvement of patient’s life is the most important goal in developing new methods of treatment. To meet these conditions we require knowledge, experience, and professionalism in surgical and nursing staff actions in the whole operative process. An important aspect of postoperative care is education, and the pathogenesis of this disease demands individual patient care.