Advance care planning (ACP) is a process of communication between the patient, his/her relatives, the healthcare providers, and other people involved in care consisting of agreeing on a plan for future care, taking into account the patient’s preferences. Planning and setting goals for future care is an expression of patients’ decision-making autonomy and is the basis for the provision of holistic and individualized care. ACP practices have evolved since its introduction, now emphasizing the importance of family, empathic communication, and patient-directed interventions. Advance care planning is not widespread in Poland, and there are no relevant legal regulations in this area.