Skeletal system evaluation using RTG absorptiometry in women with bone mineral density disorders

Introduction
Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease of the skeleton, characterized by decreased bone mass and abnormal microarchitecture, which contribute to an increased risk of fractures. Currently, over 200 million people are struggling with it worldwide, and therefore it is considered a social disease. Many of the affected require constant help from others, which is often associated with an increase in the cost of health care.

Aim of the study
To analyze the role of prophylaxis in the improvement of bone mass density and the evaluation of various methods of treating bone mineral density (BMD) disorders in women.

Material and methods
The cohort study includes retrospective analysis of 105 patients documentation which were examined using the DXA densitometric method (Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry) using LUNAR DPX equipment. The test results were given in g/cm² and presented using a T-score (SD average result for peak bone mass in young healthy women) and Z-score (SD mean score for the same group of women). The study included only women with BMD disorders. The analysis, the evaluation and statistical analysis are presented in Microsoft Excel, 2010. The bioethical commission agreement was not needed in this case.

Results
The largest group (55 surveyed patients) – 52.4%, were women suffering from osteoporosis. Decreased BMD was less common in patients living in urban areas. Among patients who suffered from osteoporosis, severe bone pain in the whole body occurred most often.

Conclusions
In Polish society, the incidence of osteoporosis is increasing. The main reason is the aging of the population. The number of fractures associated with this ailment increases after the age of 60. Analyzing the methods of treatment and assessing their effects on the reduced density of bone mass shows that the process of bone tissue disorders has deepened in non-treated patients.