eISSN: 2299-0038
ISSN: 1643-8876
Menopause Review/Przegląd Menopauzalny
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3/2022
vol. 21
 
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abstract:
Original paper

The accuracy of the calcium-creatinine ratio in a spot urine sample for predicting preeclampsia

Ahmed M. Hagras
1
,
Ibrahim A. Abdelazim
2
,
Nareman Elhamamy
1

1.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
2.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt and Ahmadi Hospital, Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), Kuwait
Menopause Rev 2022; 21(3): 191-196
Online publish date: 2022/09/23
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Introduction
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of foetal and maternal morbidity. Currently, there is no reliable diagnostic test to predict PE. To evaluate the accuracy of the calcium-creatinine ratio (CCR) in a spot urine sample for the prediction of PE.

Material and methods
Two hundred and forty-six pregnant women, attending the ante-natal clinic after 20 weeks` gestation were included in this study. After exclusion of pre-existing chronic renal disease affecting calcium and/or creatinine excretion, spot urine samples were taken from participants to detect the CCR. Participants were followed up until delivery; the women who developed PE were included in the PE group and compared with normotensive controls to evaluate the accuracy of CCR in a spot urine sample for the prediction of PE.

Results
The gestational age at delivery and parity were significantly lower in the studied PE group compared to normotensive controls (36.1 ±4.3 weeks and 1.7 ±2.6 vs. 39.1 ±3.1 and 3.4 ±1.9; respectively), (p = 0.0002 and 0.0003; respectively). The body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in the studied PE group compared to normotensive controls (29.3 ±4.1 vs. 24.6 ±3.3 kg/m2; respectively), (p = 0.01). The calcium-creatinine ratio ≤ 0.04 had 79.3% sensitivity, 96.3% specificity, 91.5% positive predictive value (PPV), 90.3% negative predictive value (NPV), and 90.7% overall accuracy in prediction of PE.

Conclusions
The calcium-creatinine ratio ≤ 0.04 had 79.3% sensitivity, 96.3% specificity, 91.5% PPV, 90.3% NPV, and 90.7% overall accuracy in predicting PE. This study suggests the use of CCR in spot urine sample for screening and early detection of PE.

keywords:

calcium-creatinine ratio, CCR, urine, prediction, preeclampsia

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