The success of contemporary diabetology is the development of a comprehensive supportive care that is effective and allows for normal life with diabetes as long as the patient diligently complies with certain rules and responsibilities. This is especially important in case of young patients, as effective therapy does not only affect their current physical condition, but also the proper psychological,
emotional and social development not marked by chronic diabetic complications. One of these duties, which is also the foundation
of the entire therapeutic process, is self-control, namely all the actions undertaken by the patient in order to evaluate their metabolic
status and risk of complications or progress, as well as to control and influence their own health. This forms the basis for making
changes in an insulin therapy.

The elements of self-control are: determination of blood glucose with the use of glucose meters and/or systems of continuous glucose monitoring, evaluation of glucose and ketones in the urine, keeping diabetes logbook, determination of blood pressure, foot care and regular follow-up examinations, exercise, diet and education.

This article presents the concept, methodology, elements and importance of self-control, the role and importance of physical activity and
diet as part of self-control. It also discusses the newest devices used in self-control and data analysis, and the importance of psychoemocional aspects in self-control among young patients with diabetes.