eISSN: 2299-0046
ISSN: 1642-395X
Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii
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4/2022
vol. 39
 
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Original paper

Asthma, bronchitis respiratory symptoms, allergies and home environment: how are they related?

Agata Wypych-Ślusarska
1
,
Ewa Niewiadomska
1
,
Joanna Głogowska-Ligus
1

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
Adv Dermatol Allergol 2022; XXXIX (4): 729-738
Online publish date: 2021/10/04
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Introduction
Home environmental conditions can affect the prevalence of childhood asthma and allergies.
Aim: To assess the relationship between the prevalence of childhood asthma, bronchitis, and allergies and the condition of the home environment.

Material and methods
In 2018 and 2019, a cross-sectional study on 2932 children from elementary schools in the Silesian Voivodship (Southern Poland) was conducted. The questionnaire was based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). In order to determine the association between the home environment (presence of moulds, furry pets) and respiratory symptoms and diseases, a logistic regression analysis was performed by calculating the odds ratio (OR), determining p < 0.05 as the level of significance.

Results
Asthma risk factors were male sex, heating with solid fuel and presence of moulds. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms, bronchitis, and allergic diseases is statistically more common with the presence of moulds in dwellings. A protective effect of the presence of pets on the prevalence of asthma (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.59–0.99), allergy to pet allergens (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.45–0.76), allergy to house dust mite (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.56–0.87) and wheeze in the last 12 months (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.54–0.91) and ever (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.70–1.02) was observed.

Conclusions
The study confirmed the known adverse influence of the presence of moulds and heating with solid fuel on the prevalence of asthma, bronchitis, respiratory symptoms and allergic diseases. The protective influence of pets on the occurrence of the health disorders under study was demonstrated.

keywords:

home environment, asthma, allergy, mould, children

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