eISSN: 2299-551X
ISSN: 0011-4553
Journal of Stomatology
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
6/2017
vol. 70
 
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abstract:

Parafunctions, signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among adolescents 14 to 15 years of age

Magdalena Urban
1
,
Klaudia Suligowska
,
Anna Wytrykowska
1
,
Maria Prośba-Mackiewicz
1
,
Tomasz Zdrojewski
2
,
Magdalena Wrotkowska
3

  1. Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Zakład Technik Dentystycznych i Zaburzeń Czynnościowych Narządu Żucia
  2. Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Zakład Prewencji i Dydaktyki
  3. Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Zaklad Higieny i Epidemiologii
Online publish date: 2017/01/07
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Introduction. Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
(TMD) increasingly affect not only adults but also
adolescents. Parafunctions are cited as the most
common cause of TMD. Aim of the study. To determine
the prevalence of oral parafunctions, signs and
symptoms of TMD among adolescents. Methods. The
study was performed as a part of an early detection
of risk factors for civilization diseases program –
SOPKARD1 in 96 children aged 14-15 years. Each
participant filled in a questionnaire regarding their oral
habits and symptoms of TMD and underwent physical
examination of the muscles and temporomadibular
joints. The analysis of the mandible mobility models
was also made. Results. Leaning one’s chin on the
hand (73.68%), lip biting (58.33%) and intensive
gum chewing (51.04%) were the most common habits
among the study group. Persistence of an infantile
swallow pattern was observed in over one-fifth of
patients (20.83%). The most common signs were teeth
impressions on tongue and cheeks (53.13%), increased
muscle tone (57.29%) and dysfunctions in mandibular mobility (53.13%). Most subjects (92.71%) manifested
at least one sign or symptom, whereas 46.88% two
or three. A statistically significant association was
found between chewing gum and muscle response, as
well as infantile swallow pattern and open bite and
muscle response. Conclusions. Most adolescents aged
14-15 were subject to some parafunctional habits.
There is a requirement to introduce an educational
program in schools in order to present the destructive
consequences of parafunctions on the stomatognathic
system health and the possibility of prevention or
treatment.

 
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