eISSN: 2299-0038
ISSN: 1643-8876
Menopause Review/Przegląd Menopauzalny
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2/2022
vol. 21
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Recent advances in prophylactics and treatment of osteoporosis

Marian Szamatowicz
1, 2
,
Jacek Szamatowicz
3

  1. Department of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences Lomza, Poland
  2. Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
  3. Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Menopause Rev 2022; 21(2): 133-137
Online publish date: 2022/06/20
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Recently, a dramatic increase in the average life expectancy has been noted, regarded as the one of the greatest achievements of the last decades, but in consequence osteoporosis affects millions of people all over the world. Currently osteoporosis is defined as a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength which leads to an increased risk of fractures. The most commonly used tool to evaluate the 10-year risk of fractures is the fracture risk assessment tool validated in many independent cohorts. Osteoporosis itself has no symptoms, but fractures are common symptoms of osteoporosis which can result in disability and mortality. Hence, osteoporosis is called a silent epidemic as well as a silent killer. The best way to assess patients with osteoporosis is by using the most widely employed techniques – dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or quantitative computed tomography. There are a lot of precisely documented risk factors of osteoporosis – e.g. cigarette smoking, alcohol use, getting little or no exercise, being small-framed or thin, a diet low in foods containing calcium and vitamin D – and their limitation or elimination is the best way for prophylactics of this dangerous disease. Some other risk factors such as age and sex of patients should not be omitted in the decision making process. In the literature there are numerous therapeutic proposals and different guidelines. In this review we present the recent advances in the prophylactics and treatment of osteoporosis.
keywords:

osteoporosis, risk factors, prophylactics, treatment

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