Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology

Full text

3/2026 vol. 13
Original paper

Analysis of selected allergic diseases among children and adolescents in the context of air pollution emissions in Poland

  1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland

  2. Regional Teacher Training Centre WOM, Bielsko-Biala, Poland

  3. School Complex, Cieszyn, Poland

  4. Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland

  5. Kujawska University of Applied Sciences, Wloclawek, Poland

  6. Technical Education School Complex, Lodz, Poland

Alergologia Polska – Polish Journal of Allergology 2026; 13, 3: 203-211

Data publikacji online: 2026/10/06
Article file
PJA-Analysis.pdf
  1. Landrigan P, Fuller R, Fisher S, et al. Pollution and children’s health. Sci Total Environ 2019; 650: 2389-94.
  2. Czubaj-Kowal M, Kurzawa R, Nowicki G. Impact of air pollution on the concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaled air (FeNO) in children – a review of the literature on the subject. J Educ Health Sport 2022; 12: 92-105.
  3. Ahn TG, Kim YJ, Lee G, et al. Association between individual air pollution (PM10, PM2.5) exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Korea: a multicenter prospective cohort, Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcome (APPO) Study. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39: e131.
  4. Anenberg SC, Mohegh A, Goldberg DL, et al. Long-term trends in urban NO2 concentrations and associated paediatric asthma incidence: estimates from global datasets. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6: 49-58.
  5. WHO, ambient air quality database, 2022 update Status report. 2023. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/368432/9789240047693-eng.pdf?sequence=1.
  6. Dąbrowiecki P, Gawlik R, Kupczyk M, et al. What prevents us from treating severe asthma well? A doctor’s perspective. Pol J Allergol 2024; 11: 1-9.
  7. Niemiec A, Branicka O, Rymarczyk B, et al. Biological treatment options for eosinophilic asthma, with consideration of markers of eosinophilic inflammation as predictors of treatment efficacy. Pol J Allergol 2024; 11: 163-72.
  8. Kim BE, Hui-Beckman JW, Zev-Nevid M. Air pollutants contribute to epithelial barrier dysfunction and allergic diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132: 433-9.
  9. Koćwin M, Jonakowski M, Majos A, et al. Evaluation of serum levels of all the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β 1-3) isoforms in asthmatic patients. Pol J Allergol 2024; 11: 134-41.
  10. Orellano P, Reynoso J, Quaranta N, et al. Short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) and all-cause and cause-specific morality: systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Int 2020; 142: 105876.
  11. Southerland VA, Brauer M, Mohegh A, et al. Global urban temporal trends in fine articulate matter (PM2.5) and attributable health burdens: estimates from global datasets. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6: 139-46.
  12. Holloway T, Miller D, Anenberg S, et al. Satellite monitoring for air quality and health. Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci 202; 4: 417.
  13. Góra DJ. Kupiec J. Analysis of the incidence of asthma among pupils of primary schools in Bielsko-Biala located in areas with various degrees of industrialization. Pol J Allergol 2024; 11: 211-6.
  14. Gronba-Chyła A, Generowicz A, Alwaeli M, et al. Municipal waste utilization as a substitute for natural aggregate in the light of the circular economy. Clean Prod 2025; 440: 140907.
  15. Generowicz A, Wassilkowska A, Kryłów M. Qualitative composition of waste from street cleaning on the example of research carried out in Krakow. Przemysł Chemiczny 2020; 99: 1312-4.
  16. Generowicz A, Gąska K, Hajduga G. Multi-criteria Analysis of the Waste Management System in a Metropolitan Area, E3S Web of Conferences 44, 00043, EKODOK2018, 16-18.04.2018, 10th Conference on Interdisciplinary Problems in Environmental Protection and Engineering, ISSN 2267-1242.
  17. Ciuła J, Gąska K, Iljuczonek Ł, et al. Energy efficiency economics of conversion of biogas from the fermentation of sewage sludge to biomethane as a fuel for automotive vehicles. Archit Civil Eng Environ (ACEE) 2019; 2: 131-40.
  18. Gronba-Chyła A, Generowicz A, Kwaśnicki P, et al. Recovery and recycling of selected waste fractions with a grain size below 10 mm. Sustainability 2025; 17: 1612.
  19. Gąska K, Generowicz A, Gronba-Chyła A, et al. Artificial intelligence methods for analysis and optimization of CHP cogeneration units based on landfill biogas as a progress in improving energy efficiency and limiting climate change. Energies 2023; 16: 5732.
  20. Krajowy bilans emisji SO2, NOx, CO, NH3, NMLZO, pyłów, metali ciężkich i TZO za lata 1990 – 2023. Krajowy Ośrodek Bilansowania i Zarzadzania Emisjami. Raport syntetyczny. Warszawa, 2025.
  21. Wskaźniki zielonej gospodarki w Polsce 2024. GUS, Warszawa 2024.
  22. Jakość powietrza w Polsce - stan obecny i propozycje działań naprawczych. Warszawa, 2022.
  23. GIOŚ (Główny Inspektorat Ochrony Środowiska) 2024 [cited 2025 October 2]. https://powietrze.gios.gov.pl/pjp/content/show/1005843.
  24. Liu Y, Geng X, Smargiassi A, et al. Changes in industrial air pollution and the onset of childhood asthma in Quebec, Canada. Environ Res 2024; 243: 117831.
  25. Zhang JD, Cheng XF, He YT, et al. Environmental pollution, trade openness and the health of middle-aged and elderly people: an analysis of threshold effect based on data from 111 prefecture-level cities in China. Arch Public Health 2024; 82: 202.
  26. Buteau S, Shekarrizfard M, Hatzopolou M, et al. Air pollution from industries and asthma onset in childhood: a population-based birth cohort study using dispersion modeling. Environ Res 2020; 185: 109180.
  27. Agache I, Annesi-Maesano I, Cecchi L. EAACI guidelines on environmental science for allergy and asthma: the impact of short-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants on asthma-related outcomes and recommendations for mitigation measures Allergy. J Pediatr 2024; 79: 1656-86.
  28. Deng Q, Lu C, Yu Y, et al. Early life exposure to traffic-related air pollution and allergic rhinitis in preschool children. Respir Med 2016; 121: 67-73.
  29. Lin YT, Shih H, Jung CR, et al. Effect of exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy and infancy on paediatric allergic rhinitis. Thorax 2021; 76: 568-74.
  30. Morgenstern V, Zutavern A, Cyrys J, et al. Atopic diseases, allergic sensitization, and exposure to traffic-related air pollution in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177: 1331-7.
  31. Hao S, Yuan F, Pang P, et al. Early childhood traffic-related air pollution and risk of allergic rhinitis at 2–4 years of age modification by family stress and male gender: a case-control study in Shenyang, China. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26: 48.
  32. To T, Zhu J, Stieb D, et al. Early life exposure to air pollution and incidence of childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema. Eur Respir J 2020; 55: 1900913.
  33. Kim BE, Hui-Beckman JW, Zev-Nevid M. Air pollutants contribute to epithelial barrier dysfunction and allergic diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132: 433-9.
Copyright: © Polish Society of Allergology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Share
without publication fees