Abstract
Risk factors of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw – a literature review
Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze i Klinice Chirurgii Czaszkowo-Szczękowo-Twarzowej, Wydział Nauk Medycznych w Zabrzu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Katowice, Polska
Katedra i Klinika Chirurgii Czaszkowo-Szczękowo-Twarzowej, Wydział Nauk Medycznych w Zabrzu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Katowice, Polska
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is one of the most serious complications of therapy with drugs affecting bone metabolism. This review presents current scientific reports on risk factors for MRONJ and then categorizes them according to their nature: pharmacological, systemic, and local. The literature review was based on publications from 2020 to 2026, retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Exposure to antiresorptive drugs, especially administered parenterally in oncological doses, as well as sequential and combination therapy with antiangiogenic or immunosuppressive drugs, are considered the main risk factors. Age, systemic diseases, oral health status, and oral surgery also play a significant role. Comprehensive risk assessment and interdisciplinary collaboration are the basis for effective MRONJ risk minimization.
Keywords
risk factors, bisphosphonates, dental care, osteonecrosis, MRONJ, antiresorptive agents
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