The purpose of the following paper is a review of the latest literature regarding the variants of the pulmonary veins’ localisations and its clinical meaning. Analysis of a few dozen papers allowed us to create a complex paper containing the newest information regarding the venous apparatus of the small circulation. The embryology draft includes the most important information regarding the moulding of pulmonary veins at various states of prenatal development. The next chapter describes the regular anatomy of the pulmonary veins and segments from which they drain blood and their pathways. The part dedicated to the anatomical variants includes an analysis of the papers describing unusual topography, incorrect confluence to the left atrium, and the vascularisation of pulmonary segments. The paper contains information about the connection between totally anomalous pulmonary veins and individual defects of the circulatory system and partially anomalous pulmonary vein connections.