Hormones, regulatory molecules synthesized in specialized cells, interact with specific extra- or intracellular receptors and are responsible for homeostasis. Homeostasis may be disturbed by numerous diseases of the endocrine system or inevitable aging. Aging is a progressive process of impairing the function of many organs, including the skin. An outer protective barrier, lipid coating, created by lipids synthesized in sebaceous glands and keratinocytes, plays an important role in skin aging. The amount of lipids begins to decrease significantly during the menopause. It is strictly connected with cessation of the ovarian function. Lack of estrogens in the skin causes dryness, wrinkles, healing impairment, flaccidity, excessive sweating and decreased sebum secretion.

Key words: estrogens, estrogen receptors, hormone replacement therapy, sebaceous glands.