Alergologia Polska - Polish Journal of Allergology

Antibiotic hypersensitivity in children: diagnostic challenges illustrated by a case series

  1. Department of Paediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz

  2. Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

Alergologia Polska – Polish Journal of Allergology

Online publish date: 2026/09/17
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Suspected hypersensitivity to antibiotics is commonly reported in children; however, true allergy is confirmed only in a minority of cases. The aim of this study was to present a series of paediatric cases with suspected antibiotic hypersensitivity and to discuss common clinical scenarios and the diagnostic approach. We retrospectively analysed cases of 6 children hospitalised in a tertiary paediatric centre due to suspected hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics. The diagnostic process included detailed clinical history, skin prick tests, intradermal tests, and drug provocation tests. The clinical manifestations ranged from mild delayed maculopapular eruptions to severe immediate reactions. In several cases, hypersensitivity to the suspected antibiotic was not confirmed, and the drug was reintroduced with good tolerance. In others, hypersensitivity was verified, leading to identification of safe alternative antibiotics. Diagnostic verification of hypersensitivity to antibiotics should be an important component of paediatric clinical practice.

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