Abnormal bleeding in postmenopausal women

Postmenopausal bleedings concern 3% of women. In spite of the considerable anxiety they evoke in patients, they usually constitute mild lesions. The risk of endometrium cancer is about 1% and increases with age and risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended to perform further diagnostics focused on excluding endometrial hyperplasia. The material for surgical pathology should be taken using hysteroscopy. Classic dilatation and curettage usually bring about a considerable percentage of falsely negative results. Use of estrogen-progesterone HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy) increases the risk of abnormal spottings or bleedings from the uterine cavity, yet they are more often caused by mild lesions rather than serious endometrium pathology. It is recommended to take a closer look at patients who use tamoxifen because the risk of endometrium cancer is much higher.