Pathogenesis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Agnieszka Jaworowska; Ewa Dudzińska; Justyna Zagórska; Wojciech Koch

doi:10.5114/ms.2025.154432

eISSN: 2300-6722
ISSN: 1899-1874

Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne

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3/2025
vol. 41

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abstract:

Review paper

Pathogenesis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Agnieszka Jaworowska

¹

,

Ewa Dudzińska

²

,

Justyna Zagórska

¹

,

Wojciech Koch

¹

Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition Education, Medical University of Lublin, Poland

Medical Studies 2025; 41 (3): 179–188

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ms.2025.154432

Online publish date: 2025/09/17

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), characterized as a functional gastrointestinal disorder, manifests with recurrent abdominal pain and bowel movement issues. The pathogenesis of IBS is a complex process involving factors such as genetics, composition of gut microbiota, previous infections, and environmental factors. Recent studies indicate that gut dysbiosis, caused by chronic inflammation, may damage the intestinal barrier by activating mast cells at the molecular level. The increased quantity of these cells can lead to disrupted communication on the gut-brain axis, consequently induce the development of general pro-inflammatory phenotype and contribute to the development of post-infectious IBS (PI-IBS). Despite progress in understanding the mechanisms, further research is needed to fully comprehend the pathophysiology of IBS. Current therapeutic approaches focus on individualized treatment, encompassing lifestyle changes, cognitive-behavioral therapies, pharmacotherapy, and probiotic therapy.

keywords:

Pathogenesis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

Agnieszka Jaworowska 1 , Ewa Dudzińska 2 , Justyna Zagórska 1 , Wojciech Koch 1

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), pathogenesis of IBS, brain-gut-microbiome axis, microbiota, treatment of IBS

Agnieszka Jaworowska

¹

,

Ewa Dudzińska

²

,

Justyna Zagórska

¹

,

Wojciech Koch

¹