1. FAO. (2010). Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition: Report of an expert consultation. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper No. 91. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/3/i1953e/i1953e00.htm
2.
FAO & WHO. (2019). Sustainable healthy diets – Guiding principles. Rome: FAO. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/3/ca6640en/ca6640en.pdf
3.
Yu W, Freeland DMH, Nadeau KC. Food allergy: immune mechanisms, diagnosis and immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2016; 16: 751-65.
4.
Klimczak M, Rymarczyk B, Gawlik R. Exploring the link between gut health, diet, and food allergy. Pol J Allergol 2024; 11: 264-70.
5.
Spolidoro GCI, Amera YT, Ali MM, et al. Frequency of food allergy in Europe: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy 2023; 78: 351-68.
6.
Lyons SA, Clausen M, Knulst AC, et al. Prevalence of food sensitization and food allergy in children across Europe. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020; 8: 2736-46.
7.
Lyons SA, Burney PGJ, Ballmer-Weber BK, et al. Food allergy in adults: substantial variation in prevalence and causative foods across Europe. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019; 7: 1920-8.
8.
Burlingame B, Dernini S. (Eds.). Sustainable diets and biodiversity: Directions and solutions for policy, research and action. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Rome 2012.
9.
Bouvard V, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, et al. Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16: 1599-600.
10.
Zhang X, Zhao X, Yang, et al. Red meat consumption, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30: 799-811.
11.
Pan A, Sun Q, Bernstein AM., et al. Red meat consumption and mortality: results from 2 prospective cohort studies. Arch Inter Med 2012; 172: 555-63.
12.
Zheng Y, Li Y, Satija A, et al . Association of changes in red meat consumption with total and cause-specific mortality among US women and men: two prospective cohort studies. Br Med J 2019; 365: l2110.
13.
Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet 2019; 393: 447-92. Erratum in: Lancet 2019; 393: 530. Erratum in: Lancet 2019; 393: 2590. Erratum in: Lancet 2020; 395: 338. Erratum in: Lancet 2020; 396: e56.
14.
EAT-Lancet Commission. (2019). Healthy diets from sustainable food systems – Summary report of the EAT-Lancet Commission. EAT. https://eatforum.org/content/uploads/2019/07/EAT-Lancet_Commission_Summary_Report.pdf
15.
Springmann M, Godfray HCJ, Rayner M, et al. Analysis and valuation of the health and climate change co-benefits of dietary change. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2018; 113: 4146-51.
16.
Clark MA, Springmann M, Hill J, et al. Multiple health and environmental impacts of foods. Proceed Natl Acad Sci 2019; 116: 23357-62.
17.
Micha R, Peñalvo J, Cudhea F, et al. Association between dietary factors and mortality from heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes in the United States. J Am Med Assoc 2017; 317: 912-24.
18.
Schwingshackl L, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, et al. Food groups and risk of colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 142: 1748-58.
19.
Poore J, Nemecek T. Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science 2018; 360: 987-92.
20.
Knyziak-Mędrzycka I, Majsiak E, Cukrowska B. Allergic March in Children: The Significance of Precision Allergy Molecular Diagnosis (PAMD@) in Predicting Atopy Development and Planning Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy. Nutrients 2023; 15: 978.
21.
Asero R, Antonicelli L, Arena A, et al. Anaphylaxis induced by plant foods: a clinical and immunological review. Clin Exp Allergy 2020; 50: 329-36.
22.
Zuidmeer-Jongejan L, Fernandez-Rivas M, Poulsen LK, et al. Plant food allergens: approaches for diagnosis and therapy. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51: 636-52.
23.
Werfel T, Asero R, Ballmer-Weber BK, et al. Position paper of the EAACI: food allergy due to immunological cross-reactions with common inhalant allergens. Allergy 2015; 70: 1079-90.
24.
Dramburg S, Hilger C, Santos AF, et al. EAACI Molecular Allergology User’s Guide 2.0. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34 Suppl 28: e13854.
25.
Reese I, Schäfer C, Ballmer-Weber B, et al. Vegan diets from an allergy point of view - position paper of the DGAKI working group on food allergy. Allergologie Select 2023; 31: 57-83. Erratum in: Allergol Select 2024; 8: 228.
26.
Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004.
27.
Spolidoro GCI, Ali MM, Amera YT, et al. Prevalence estimates of eight big food allergies in Europe: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy 2023; 78: 2361-417.
28.
Abu Risha M, Rick EM, Plum M, Jappe U. Legume allergens pea, chickpea, lentil, lupine and beyond. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024; 24: 527-48.
29.
Mastrorilli C, Chiera F, Arasi S, et al. Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (SIAIP). IgE-Mediated Legume Allergy: a pediatric perspective. J Pers Med 2024; 14: 898.
30.
Verma AK, Kumar S, Das M. A comprehensive review of legume allergy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013; 45: 30-46.
31.
Golden DBK, Wang J, Waserman S, et al. Anaphylaxis: a 2023 practice parameter update. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132: 124-76.
32.
Łyżwa K, Krupa-Łaska A, Zielińska J, et al. Current trends in peanut allergy immunotherapy: a review. Pol J Allergol 2024; 11: 154-62.
33.
WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee, ‘Allergen nomenclature’. Accessed: June. 30, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://allergen.org/
34.
Schmitz R, Ellert U, Kalcklösch M, et al. Patterns of sensitization to inhalant and food allergens - findings from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2013; 162: 263-70.
35.
Ruiz Segura LT, Figueroa Pérez E, Nowak-Wegrzyn A, et al. Food allergen sensitization patterns in a large allergic population in Mexico. Allergol Immunopathol 2020; 48: 553-9.
36.
Geiselhart S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Bublin M. Tree nut allergens. Mol Immunol 2018; 100: 71-81.
37.
Spolidoro GCI, Lisik D, Nyassi S, et al. Prevalence of tree nut allergy in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy 2024; 79: 302-23.
38.
Saf S, Borres MP, Södergren E. Sesame allergy in children: new insights into diagnosis and management. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34: e14001.
39.
Lisiecka MZ. Clinical characteristics of allergic reactions to seeds and analysis of prevalence and severity. Interdiscip J Appl Sci 2024; 8(13). https://doi.org/10.18226/25253824.v8.n13.06.
40.
Nemni A, Billard C, Thome P, et al. Severe anaphylaxis with emergent allergy to seeds. World Allergy Organization J 2020; 13: 100299.
41.
Food Allergy Safety, Treatment, Education, and Research Act of 2021 or the FASTER Act of 2021. Public Law 117-11, 117th Congress (2021). https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/578
42.
Ballmer-Weber BK, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. Molecular diagnosis of fruit and vegetable allergy. Curr Opinion Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 11: 229-35.
43.
Skypala IJ, Asero R, Barber D, et al. Non-specific lipid-transfer proteins: allergen structure and function, cross-reactivity, sensitization, and epidemiology. Clin Transl Allergy 2021; 11: e12010.
44.
Jeon YH. Pollen-food allergy syndrome in children. Clin Exp Pediatr 2020; 63: 463-8.
45.
Gabrielli S, Clarke AE, Morris J, et al. Fruit-induced anaphylaxis: clinical presentation and management. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021; 9: 2825-30.
46.
Egger M, Mutschlechner S, Wopfner N, et al. Pollen-food syndromes associated with weed pollinosis: an update from the molecular point of view. Allergy 2006; 61: 461-76.
47.
Poncet P, Sénéchal H, Charpin D, et al. Update on pollen-food allergy syndrome. Exp Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16: 561-78.
48.
Baptista Serna L, Sastre B, Rodrigo-Muñoz JM, et al. Millet: a “gluten-free” and “healthy” cereal with the potential to induce anaphylaxis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 33: 145-6.
49.
Yanagida N, Takei M, Saito A, et al. Clinical cross-reactivity of wheat and barley in children with wheat allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33: e13878.
50.
Kubota S, Aoki Y, Sakai T, et al. The clinical cross-reactivity and immunological cross-antigenicity of wheat and barley. Allergol Int 2022; 71: 505-11.
51.
Palosuo K, Alenius H, Varjonen E, et al. Rye gamma-70 and gamma-35 secalins and barley gamma-3 hordein cross-react with omega-5 gliadin, a major allergen in wheat-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 466-73.
52.
Wojas O, Krzych-Fałta E, Samel-Kowalik P, et al. A case of allergy to Silybum marianum (milk thistle) and Eragrostis tef (teff). Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2020; 16: 23.
53.
Franco Lucas B, Costa JAV, Brunner TA. Superfoods: drivers for consumption. J Food Products Marketing 2021; 27: 1-9.
54.
Albunni BA, Wessels H, Paschke-Kratzin A, et al. Antibody cross-reactivity between proteins of chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) and other food allergens. J Agricult Food Chem 2019; 67: 7475-84.
55.
Regula P, Hudes G, De Vos G, et al. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to chia seed ingestion, a novel food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151: AB173.
56.
Monzón Ballarín S, López-Matas MA, Sáenz Abad D, et al. Anaphylaxis associated with the ingestion of goji berries (Lycium barbarum). J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2011; 21: 567-70.
57.
Uasuf CG, De Angelis E, Guagnano R, et al. Emerging allergens in goji berry superfruit: the identification of new IgE binding proteins towards allergic patients’ sera. Biomolecules 2020; 10: 689.
58.
Guarnieri G, Bonadonna P, Olivieri E, et al. Occupational asthma induced by exposure to quinoa. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 29: 451-2.
59.
Gromek W, Kołdej N, Kurowski M, et al. Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis): antiallergic agent or hidden allergen? A literature review. Foods 2024; 13: 1052.
60.
Jankowski WM, Przychodniak D, Kurowski M. LTP syndrome and edible insect allergy in a patient with recurrent anaphylaxis incidents. Pol J Allergol 2025; 12: 135-9.
61.
Jankowski WM, Przychodniak D, Gromek W, et al. Edible insects as an alternative source of nutrients: benefits, risks, and the future of entomophagy in Europe – a narrative review. Foods 2025; 14: 270.
62.
Rymarczyk B, Jura-Szołtys E, Gluck J, Gawlik R. Does a healthy diet always mean a safe diet? Food allergy as an obstacle to a healthy lifestyle. Pol J Allergol 2025; 12: 91-7.
Copyright: © Polish Society of Allergology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
