Menopause Review
eISSN: 2299-0038
ISSN: 1643-8876
Menopause Review/Przegląd Menopauzalny
Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Special Issues Editorial board Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge Ethical standards and procedures
Editorial System
Submit your Manuscript
SCImago Journal & Country Rank


4/2025
vol. 24
 
Share:
Share:
Review paper

Preoperative differential diagnosis – uterine sarcoma or myoma?

Cloé Lepoivre
1
,
Magdalena Kajdos-Wągrowska
2, 3
,
Karolina Cholewa-Nowak
3
,
Dominik Oleś
3
,
Marek Nowak
3

  1. Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  2. Department of Operational and Endoscopic Gynaecology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
  3. Operational Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology Department, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Menopause Rev 2025; 24(4): 293-298
Online publish date: 2026/02/04
Article file
Get citation
 
PlumX metrics:
 
1. Brohl AS, Li L, Andikyan V, Običan SG, Cioffi A, Hao K, et al. Age-stratified risk of unexpected uterine sarcoma following surgery for presumed benign leiomyoma. Oncologist 2015; 20: 433-439.
2. Tavassoli F, Devilee P. WHO Classification of Tumours. Pathology and genetics. Tumours of breast and female genital organs. IARC Press, Lyon 2003, 217-257
3. SEER Program (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results). National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program [2022]. Available from: https://seer.cancer.gov/.
4. Urbański K, Kornafel J. Ginekologia onkologiczna. In: Krzakowski M (ed.). Zalecenia postępowania diagnostyczno-terapeutycznego w nowotworach złośliwych. Część I. Onkologia w praktyce klinicznej. Via Medica, Gdańsk 2007, 235-240
5. Ashe I. Womb cancer blood test research ‘could save lives ’[Internet]. BBC News. 2023 Jun 4. Available from: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-65791170.
6. National Cancer Institute. Uterine Sarcoma Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version. PDQ Cancer Information Summaries. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute [2025]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/patient/uterine-sarcoma-treatment-pdq.
7. Neelayadakshi B, Sudha. Exploring the clinicopathological diversity in sarcomatous transformations in the uterus.. Cureus 2024; 16: e62671.
8. Wang Q, Lin Z, Zhu X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, He M, et al. Risk assessment and prediction of occult uterine sarcoma in patients with presumed uterine fibroids before high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment. Sci Rep 2022; 12: 11591.
9. Lacoponi S, Teran M, DevSantiago J, Zapardiel I. Laparoscopic hysterectomy with a handheld robotic device in case of uterine sarcoma. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 54: 84-85
10. Lin KH, Torng PL, Tsai KH, Shih HJ, Chen CL. Clinical outcome affected by tumor morcellation in unexpected early uterine leiomyosarcoma. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 54: 172-177
11. Pritts EA, Feinberg R, Vanness DJ, Parker W, Feinberg R, Feinberg J, et al. The prevalence of occult leiomyosarcoma at surgery for presumed uterine fibroids: a meta-analysis. Gynecol Surg 2015; 12: 165-177.
12. Smith J, Zawaideh JP, Sahin H, Freeman S, Bolton H, Addley HC. Differentiating uterine sarcoma from leiomyoma: BET1T2ER Check! Br J Radiol 2021; 94: 20201332.
13. Leone FP, Timmerman D, Bourne T, Valentin L, Epstein E, Goldstein SR, et al. Terms, definitions and measurements to describe the sonographic features of the endometrium and intrauterine lesions: a consensus opinion from the International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) group. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2010; 35: 103-112
14. Van den Bosch T, Dueholm M, Leone FP, Valentin L, Rasmussen CK, Votino A, et al. Terms, definitions and measurements to describe sonographic features of myometrium and uterine masses: a consensus opinion from the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) group. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 46: 284-298.
15. Ciccarone F, Biscione A, Robba E, Pasciuto T, Giannarelli D, Gui B, et al. A clinical ultrasound algorithm to identify uterine sarcoma and smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential in patients with myometrial lesions: the myometrial lesion ultrasound and MRI study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 61: 639-647.
16. Szabo I, Szantho A, Papp Z. Uterine sarcoma: diagnosis with multiparameter analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997; 10: 220-225.
17. Bonneau C, Thomassin-Naggara I, Dechoux S, Cortez A, Darai E, Rouzier R. Value of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging for the characterization of uterine mesenchymal tumors. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2013; 93: 261-268
18. Glorie N, Baert T, Van den Bosch T, Coosemans A. Circulating protein biomarkers to differentiate uterine sarcomas from leiomyomas. Front Oncol 2024.
19. Suh DS, Song YJ, Ron HJ, Lee SH, Jeong DH, Lee TH, et al. Preoperative blood inflammatory markers for the differentiation of uterine leiomyosarcoma from leiomyoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2018; 28: 787-793.
20. Amant F, Debiec-Rychter M. Leiomyomata and sarcoma. In: Brosens I (ed.). Uterine leiomyomata. Pathogenesis and management. Taylor and Francis, London 2006, 123-137.
21. Chen I, Firth B, Hopkins L, Bougie O, Xie R, Singh S. Clinical characteristics differentiating uterine sarcoma and fibroids. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2022; 44: 24-32.e2.
22. Multinu F, Casarin J, Tortorella L, Huang Y, Weaver A, Angioni S, et al. Incidence of sarcoma in patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications: a population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 220: 408.e1-408.e10.
23. Pink D, Lindner T, Mrozek A, Kretzschmar A, Thuss-Patience PC, Dör- ken B, et al. Harm or benefit of hormonal treatment in metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: single-center experience with 10 cases and review of the literature. Gynecol Oncol 2006; 101: 464-469
24. Parker WH, Fu YS, Berek JS. Uterine sarcoma in patients operated on for presumed leiomyoma and rapidly growing leiomyoma. Obstet Gynecol 1994; 83: 414-418
25. Felix AS, Cook LS, Gaudet MM, Rohan TE, Schouten LJ, Setiawan VW, et al. The etiology of uterine sarcomas: a pooled analysis of the epidemio-logy of endometrial cancer consortium. Int J Cancer 2013; 132: 411-420.
26. Mettler L, Maass N, Abdusattarova K, Dempfle A, Alkatout I. Frequency of uterine sarcomas in patients admitted for uterine fibroid surgery. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2017; 18: 62-66.
27. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Laparoscopic power morcellators. Silver Spring (MD): FDA; 2014. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/safety-communications/update-laparoscopic-power-morcellators-fda-safety-communication.
28. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). Uterine morcellation for presumed leiomyomas. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 770. Obstet Gynecol 2019; 133: e238-e248.
29. Halaska MJ, Haidopoulos D, Guyon F, Morice P, Zapardiel I, Kesic V. ESGO Council. European Society of Gynecological Oncology statement on fibroid and uterine morcellation. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 27: 1895-1897.
30. Chiappa V, Interlenghi M, Salvatore C, Bertolina F, Bogani G, Ditto A, et al. Using radiomics and machine learning with ultrasonography for the differential diagnosis of myometrial tumors (the ADMIRAL pilot study). Radiomics and differential diagnosis of myometrial tumors. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 161: 838-844.
Copyright: © 2026 Termedia Sp. z o. o. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Quick links
© 2026 Termedia Sp. z o.o.
Developed by Termedia.