The whole truth about botulinum toxin – a review

Henryk Witmanowski; Katarzyna Błochowiak

doi:10.5114/ada.2019.82795

eISSN: 2299-0046
ISSN: 1642-395X

Advances in Dermatology and Allergology/Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii

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6/2020
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abstract:

Review paper

The whole truth about botulinum toxin – a review

Henryk Witmanowski

¹

,

Katarzyna Błochowiak

²

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland

Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

Adv Dermatol Allergol 2020; XXXVII (6): 853–861

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ada.2019.82795

Online publish date: 2019/02/05

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Treatment with botulinum toxin is widely viewed as safe, effective and largely devoid of serious side effects. There are two classes of Botox-related adverse events – transient and benign events, and potentially serious events. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of Botox-related side effects and advise potential management and preventive strategies. Benign side effects are well-localized, reversible and self-limited complications which develop within a few days of the injection, and they usually disappear without any treatment. The aesthetic and functional adverse effects are associated with different muscle responses to botulinum toxin or with misplacement of botulinum toxin. The serious events are sequelae due to the systemic spread of toxin leading to botulism.

keywords:

The whole truth about botulinum toxin – a review

Henryk Witmanowski 1 , Katarzyna Błochowiak 2

botulinum toxin, plastic surgery, aesthetic surgery

Henryk Witmanowski

¹

,

Katarzyna Błochowiak

²