According to current guidelines, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have the highest class of recommendation in the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation and in the treatment of venous thromboembolism. However, there are situations in which vitamin K antagonists (VKA), the so-called „old”-generation drugs, are the drug of choice.Regardless of which drug is used, caution is necessary when the patient is also treated with painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs, especially those from the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Knowledge of drug interactions will help minimise the risk of serious side effects resulting from the simultaneous use of anticoagulants with painkillers. The paper will the practical aspects of the use of anticoagulants in a group of patients requiring simultaneous analgesic treatment.