Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are inflammatory diseases of unexplained aetiology, chronic duration and increased risk for developing dysplasia and colon cancer. A widely accepted method is the surveillance of the patients for early detection of dysplasia and colon cancer. The basic method is to perform endoscopy with mucosal biopsy. Current recommendations of most gastroenterological societies differ in the point of beginning the surveillance and frequency of endoscopy performed. Development and application of new endoscopic techniques seems to be helpful to identify early dysplasia and colon cancer. The goal of this review is to demonstrate the surveillance of patients with non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases recommended by some gastrointestinal and endoscopic societies.