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Central European Journal of Immunology
eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
Current issue Archive Manuscripts accepted About the journal Special Issues Editorial board Abstracting and indexing Subscription Contact Instructions for authors Publication charge
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SCImago Journal & Country Rank
1/2025
vol. 50
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Innate immunosenescence and sepsis in the elderly: mechanisms and innate immune modulation strategies

Danfeng Zhang
1
,
Jing Cheng
1
,
Donghua Cao
1
,
Kai Sheng
1

  1. Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
Cent Eur J Immunol 2025; 50 (1): 3-10
Online publish date: 2025/05/05
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This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of innate immunosenescence in elderly patients with sepsis and to evaluate the potential application of innate immune modulation strategies in clinical management. Through a literature review, the characteristics of sepsis in the elderly, the aging mechanisms of the innate immune system, the impact of immunosenescence on susceptibility to sepsis, and clinical management strategies for sepsis in the elderly were analyzed. The incidence and mortality rates of sepsis in the elderly increase significantly with age, closely related to the severity of infection, the high prevalence of comorbidities, atypical symptoms, and a greater risk of multi-organ failure. Innate immunosenescence, including the decline in function of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells, is a key factor in the increased susceptibility to sepsis in the elderly. Immunomodulatory treatments, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon γ (IFN-γ), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), show potential in improving the prognosis of elderly patients with sepsis and reducing mortality rates. The management of sepsis in the elderly requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account age-related physiological and pathological changes, as well as early diagnosis and proactive intervention measures. Immunomodulatory strategies targeting the unique characteristics of immunosenescence in the elderly offer new avenues for improving survival rates and treatment outcomes in elderly patients with sepsis.
keywords:

elderly, sepsis, innate immunosenescence, immunomodulation strategies, clinical management

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