eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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3/2020
vol. 45
 
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abstract:
Review paper

Lung microbiome – a modern knowledge

Dorota Siwicka-Gieroba
1
,
Katarzyna Czarko-Wicha
1

  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Cent Eur J Immunol 2020; 45 (3): 342-345
Online publish date: 2020/11/01
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Recent studies have reported that commensal microorganisms are not just “passive occupants” but may play a crucial role in the immune system activation. It is well-known that in critically ill patients, the microbiome is modified and may be associated with the development of immunosuppression in sepsis, contributing to the development of acute renal injury, cardiovascular diseases, or more importantly, respiratory system disturbances. The conviction of lung sterility has gone down in history. The presence of characteristic gut microbiome, such as Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae, was demonstrated in lungs of critically ill patients. This bacteria’s translocation, especially in ischemia-reperfusion injury, results in increased concentration of inflammation response markers and may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of respiratory system disturbances, including acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recent studies have shown that ischemia-reperfusion injury is often observed in intensive care units (ICUs) and predispose to microbiome disturbances that are strictly connected with immune system activation and epithelial damage. Potential effects of dysbiosis treatment are under highly activated investigation. Therefore, it is possible that microbiota-targeted therapy may constitute the future therapeutic path in ICUs.
keywords:

lung microbiome, ARDS, VILI, ICUs, immune system cells

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