eISSN: 2299-0054
ISSN: 1895-4588
Videosurgery and Other Miniinvasive Techniques
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2/2023
vol. 18
 
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General surgery
abstract:
Meta-analysis

Meta-analysis of prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy for surgical site infections (SSI) in caesarean section surgery

Yi Zhu
1
,
Lingyan Dai
2
,
Binjie Luo
1
,
Ling Zhang
3

  1. Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University. Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
  2. Ambulatory Surgery Center, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Children’s Healthcare Center), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
  3. Department of Emergency, the First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China
Videosurgery Miniinv 2023; 18 (2): 224–234
Online publish date: 2023/03/20
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Introduction
Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been used in reducing the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) and wound complications across various surgical categories. SSIs are a common post-surgical complication following caesarean section (CS) births, making it necessary to use prophylactic interventions to reduce SSI and wound complication incidences.

Aim
To conduct an updated meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SSI incidence and wound complications in women undergoing C-sections receiving NPWT or standard dressings after wound closure.

Material and methods
A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and CENTRAL databases, and clinical trial registries for RCTs that involved NPWT versus standard dressings in participants undergoing C-section procedures. The primary outcome was surgical site infection (SSI) and other wound complications (haematoma, dehiscence, seroma.

Results
A total of 11 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis with information from 5,693 patients. A reduction in overall SSI incidence (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66–0.95, p = 0.01, I2 = 0%) and wound complication rate (RR = 0.86, 0.75 to 0.98, p = 0.02, I2 = 5%) was found with all studies pooled together. Subgroup analyses showed that NPWT did not significantly reduce SSI incidence when stratified by the type of C-section (emergency/elective) whereas the type of NPWT device had a differential effect on SSI reduction, with PICO NPWT systems showing a beneficial effect (RR = 0.72, 0.58 to 0.91, p = 0.006, I2 = 0%) in comparison to the PREVENA closed-incision device (RR = 0.94, 0.68 to 1.29, p = 0.73, I2 = 0%).

Conclusions
Prophylactic NPWT is useful in reducing the incidence of SSIs in women undergoing C-sections based on synthesis of results from RCTs in obese women (BMI > 30 kg/m2).

keywords:

negative pressure wound therapy, surgical site infections, caesarean section, surgical dressings

  
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