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3/2021
vol. 46
abstract:
Clinical immunology
Multicolor flow cytometry immunophenotyping
and characterization of aneuploidy in pediatric
B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Magdalena Pierzyna-Świtała
1
,
Katarzyna Muszyńska-Rosłan
3
,
Agnieszka Mizia-Malarz
7
,
1.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
2.
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
3.
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
4.
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Mikolaj Kopernik University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
5.
Center of Pediatrics and Oncology, Chorzow, Poland
6.
Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
7.
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
8.
Regional Specialistic Pediatric Hospital, Kielce, Poland
9.
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, University Children’s Hospital, Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, Lublin, Poland
10.
Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
11.
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
12.
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznań, Poland
13.
Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
14.
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
15.
Department of Transplantology, Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
16.
Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46 (3): 365-374
Online publish date: 2021/10/19
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The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of DNA aneuploidy in Polish children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) and the relationship between aneuploidy and immunological phenotype, age, leukocyte count, S-phase fraction (SPF) and early response to induction chemotherapy assessed by the percentage of residual blast cells in bone marrow aspirates. The study group consisted of 267 patients. DNA content and immunophenotype were assessed in the bone marrow before treatment using multicolor flow cytometry (FC). DNA aneuploidy was detected in 50/267 (19%) patients. High hyperdiploidy was found to be associated with lower leukocyte count (p = 0.006) and common ALL immunophenotype. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that high hyperdiploid BCP-ALL patients showed significantly higher expression of CD9, CD20, CD22, CD58, CD66c, CD86 and CD123 antigens as compared to other groups of ploidy. In contrast, CD45 showed decreased expression. The percentage of leukemic blasts at diagnosis was lower in high hyperdiploid BCP-ALL cases than in diploid (79% vs. 85.7%, p = 0.001). The difference in minimal residual disease (MRD) levels on day 15 and 33 of induction therapy between analyzed groups was not significant.
This study showed that high hyperdiploidy is associated with lower WBC count and specific immunological phenotype. Flow cytometric evaluation of expression of selected antigens can be used for fast identification of markers of aneuploidy in pediatric BCP-ALL, before genetic tests results are available. Understanding the biological significance of aneuploidy in leukemia can potentially be exploited therapeutically using targeted therapies against specific blast cell subclones.
keywords:
flow cytometry, aneuploidy, acute leukemia, DNA index, hyperdiploidy
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