Non-specific immune stimulation in the treatment and prevention of viral infections. Highlights of 2022

The coronavirus pandemic has sparked interest in non-specific immune stimulation methods. Epidemiological data show a low incidence or asymptomatic course of SARS-CoV-2 infection among preschool children, indicating a potential for trained mucosal immunity to protect against respiratory viruses.

Several publications published last year have shown the potential immunomodulatory properties of bacterial lysates. Most in vitro studies demonstrate immunostimulatory and protective effects of bacterial lysates (including OM-85) in respiratory tract mucosa and enhanced resistance against respiratory viruses. Interestingly, these drugs exert an additional beneficial effect by reducing the need for antibiotic therapy in respiratory infections.

In conclusion, the pandemic resulted in tremendous scientific activity on possible immunomodulatory strategies against respiratory viruses. A significant preventive and antiviral effect has been attributed to the use of orally delivered bacterial preparations, i.e. bacterial lysates.