Abstract
1/2012
vol. 29
Original paper
BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES AND ENDOCRINE
RESPONSES IN PRE-COMPETITION TRAINING
IN ELITE SWIMMERS
Biol. Sport 2012;29:71-75
Online publish date: 2014/08/22
The aim of this study was to describe biochemical changes and endocrine responses to low-volume
pre-competition swimming training for elite swimmers. Twelve sprint swimmers (6 males and 6 females) participated
in 3-week pre-competition training. Measures of velocity anaerobic threshold (VAT), creatine kinase (CK), blood
urea (BU), haemoglobin (Hb) and testosterone/cortisol ratio (TC) were obtained before and after the 1st, 2nd
and 3rd week of training. The training load decreased from 27.3 to 13.7 km per week within 3 weeks. The VAT
tested the load with an increased training protocol of 200 m×4 freestyle swimming and initial loads were 85,
90, 95, and 100 percent of the individual load. There were changes in the values of VAT, CK, BU, Hb and TC
ratio during the training, and the changes corresponded to the changes of the training stimuli in time. There
were also differences between the male and female swimmers. The most significant finding in this study was
that such training stimulated the enginery of the swimmers and helped the swimmers recover enginery and
indicated improved velocity in the competition with the following adjusting exercise after pre-competition training.
pre-competition swimming training for elite swimmers. Twelve sprint swimmers (6 males and 6 females) participated
in 3-week pre-competition training. Measures of velocity anaerobic threshold (VAT), creatine kinase (CK), blood
urea (BU), haemoglobin (Hb) and testosterone/cortisol ratio (TC) were obtained before and after the 1st, 2nd
and 3rd week of training. The training load decreased from 27.3 to 13.7 km per week within 3 weeks. The VAT
tested the load with an increased training protocol of 200 m×4 freestyle swimming and initial loads were 85,
90, 95, and 100 percent of the individual load. There were changes in the values of VAT, CK, BU, Hb and TC
ratio during the training, and the changes corresponded to the changes of the training stimuli in time. There
were also differences between the male and female swimmers. The most significant finding in this study was
that such training stimulated the enginery of the swimmers and helped the swimmers recover enginery and
indicated improved velocity in the competition with the following adjusting exercise after pre-competition training.
Keywords
swimming, pre-competition training, VAT, CK, BU, Hb, TC
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