Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases

Ewa Peszek-Przybyła; Marek Jędrzejek; Piotr Pysz; Tomasz Gallina; Wojciech Wojakowski; Grzegorz Smolka

doi:10.5114/aic.2026.160024

eISSN: 1897-4295
ISSN: 1734-9338

Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej

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abstract:

Original paper

Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases

Ewa Peszek-Przybyła

¹

,

Marek Jędrzejek

¹

,

Piotr Pysz

¹

,

Tomasz Gallina

¹

,

Wojciech Wojakowski

¹

,

Grzegorz Smolka

²

Division of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
2nd Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Adv Interv Cardiol 2026; 22, 1 (83): 80–85

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/aic.2026.160024

Online publish date: 2026/03/09

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AMA

Peszek-Przybyła E, Jędrzejek M, Pysz P, Gallina T, Wojakowski W, Smolka G. Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases. Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej. 2026;22(1):80-85. doi:10.5114/aic.2026.160024.

APA

Peszek-Przybyła, E., Jędrzejek, M., Pysz, P., Gallina, T., Wojakowski, W.,  & Smolka, G. (2026). Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases. Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej, 22(1), 80-85. https://doi.org/10.5114/aic.2026.160024

Chicago

Peszek-Przybyła, Ewa, Marek Jędrzejek, Piotr Pysz, Tomasz Gallina, Wojciech Wojakowski,  and Grzegorz Smolka. 2026. "Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases". Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej 22 (1): 80-85. doi:10.5114/aic.2026.160024.

Harvard

Peszek-Przybyła, E., Jędrzejek, M., Pysz, P., Gallina, T., Wojakowski, W.,  and Smolka, G. (2026). Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases. Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej, 22(1), pp.80-85. https://doi.org/10.5114/aic.2026.160024

MLA

Peszek-Przybyła, Ewa et al. "Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases." Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej, vol. 22, no. 1, 2026, pp. 80-85. doi:10.5114/aic.2026.160024.

Vancouver

Peszek-Przybyła E, Jędrzejek M, Pysz P, Gallina T, Wojakowski W, Smolka G. Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect
in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases. Advances in Interventional Cardiology/Postępy w Kardiologii Interwencyjnej. 2026;22(1):80-85. doi:10.5114/aic.2026.160024.

Introduction
Gerbode defect (GD) is a rare anomaly: a left ventricle-to-right atrium shunt. Due to its infrequency, there are no treatment standards.

Aim
We aimed to assess the feasibility, efficacy, and complications of transcatheter closure of acquired Gerbode defects in a consecutive series of adult patients.

Material and methods
The single-center, prospective registry included all consecutive patients with iatrogenic GD treated via a transvenous approach using a steerable sheath and a telescopic system under 3D-RT TEE guidance between 2003 and 2025. Baseline, procedural, and follow-up data were analyzed.

Results
We included 7 patients (3/7, 43% male) with a median age of 54.7 years (30–85 years). All patients presented with symptomatic right-sided heart failure (NYHA III, n = 6; NYHA IV, n = 1) and right ventricular dilatation on echocardiography. Devices used were the Amplatzer Membranous VSD, with a median central diameter of 6 mm (range: 6–8), and the ADO II device. Procedural success (device deployment and effective occlusion) was achieved in 5/7 patients (57%). Median pulmonary pressure fell from a baseline of 41 mm Hg (34–70 mm Hg) to 27 mm Hg (23–39 mm Hg) post-procedurally (p = 0.002).

Conclusions
In this small series, transvenous closure of an acquired Gerbode defect using a steerable sheath and telescopic system under 3D-RT transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was feasible in 5/7 patients. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this approach.

keywords:

Percutaneous closure of acquired Gerbode type I defect in adults: summary of a consecutive series of 7 cases

Ewa Peszek-Przybyła 1 , Marek Jędrzejek 1 , Piotr Pysz 1 , Tomasz Gallina 1 , Wojciech Wojakowski 1 , Grzegorz Smolka 2

Gerbode defect, left ventricle to right atrium shunt, acquired Gerbode type I defect, Gerbode type I defect in adults

Ewa Peszek-Przybyła

¹

,

Marek Jędrzejek

¹

,

Piotr Pysz

¹

,

Tomasz Gallina

¹

,

Wojciech Wojakowski

¹

,

Grzegorz Smolka

²