Biology of Sport
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Original paper

Physiological and performance parameters associated with critical power decline in hypoxia among highly-trained endurance athletes

Tomasz Kowalski
1
,
Adrian Wilk
1
,
Kinga Rębiś
1
,
Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska
2
,
Andrzej Klusiewicz
3
,
Tadej Debevec
4, 5
,
Raphael Faiss
6

  1. Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport—National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Department of Nutrition Physiology, Institute of Sport—National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Department of Physical Education and Health in Biala Podlaska, Faculty in Biala Podlaska, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
  4. Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
  5. Department of Automatics, Biocybernetics and Robotics, “Jozef Stefan” Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
  6. Institute of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Biol Sport. 2026;43:257–265
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.153530
Online publish date: 2025/08/29
Article file
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Copyright: Institute of Sport. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.
  
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