Mucoactive drugs are regularly used as a therapeutic option for mucus alterations, including hypersecretion. Mucus hypersecretion is a clinical feature of respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or acute sinusitis. The main purpose of mucoactive drugs is to increase the ability to expectorate sputum and/or decrease mucus hypersecretion. Many mucoactive drugs are currently available and can be classified according to their putative mechanism of action – expectorants, mucoregulators, mucolytics, and mucokinetics. The present review provides a summary of the most clinically relevant mucoactive drugs in the management of selected acute and chronic respiratory diseases.