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Contemporary Oncology
eISSN: 1897-4309
ISSN: 1428-2526
Contemporary Oncology/Współczesna Onkologia
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Sarajevo Declaration on Integrity and Visibility of Scholarly Publications
2/2025
vol. 29
 
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abstract:
Original paper

Preoperative systemic inflammatory biomarkers can improve recurrence prediction of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after endoscopic resection – a prospective observational study

Klaudia Bardowska
1
,
Wojciech Krajewski
2
,
Anna Kołodziej
2
,
Katarzyna Kościelska-Kasprzak
3
,
Dorota Bartoszek
3
,
Marcelina Żabińska
3
,
Joanna Chorbińska
2
,
Tomasz Królicki
4
,
Magdalena Krajewska
5
,
Tomasz Szydełko
2
,
Dorota Kamińska
5

  1. Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
  2. University Centre of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
  3. Department of Preclinical Sciences, Pharmacology and Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
  4. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
  5. Department of Non-Procedural Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2025; 29 (2): 188–194
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/wo.2025.151064
Online publish date: 2025/05/13
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Introduction:
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed urogenital types of cancer with a relatively favourable prognosis. Cystoscopy stands as the most significant diagnostic and monitoring procedure, however more accessible methods are needed for diagnosis and follow-up.

Material and methods:
A total of 285 patients with NMIBC were enrolled in this prospective study. Complete blood count (CBC) biomarkers and nutritional risk scores were evaluated for predicting cancer recurrence or progression after radical transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB). Additionally, the correlation between CBC biomarkers and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk scores was performed. A final study group with complete follow-up and dataset, comprised of 183.

Results:
After a 3-month follow-up period, 104 subjects experienced cancer recurrence or progression. A group of 79 patients were tumour free. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) showed the highest area under the curve of 0.618 (95% CI: 0.536–0.699) with p = 0.0047, for discrimination of the study outcomes. None of nutritional risk scores has predicted disease progression or recurrence. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and derived NLR enhanced the diagnostic performance for EORTC recurrence and progression points.

Conclusions:
Complete blood count biomarkers can predict recurrence or progression of NMIBC after TURB, yet nutritional risk scores have demonstrated inadequate predictive value. Complete blood count biomarkers increase prognostic properties of EORTC risk score.

keywords:

non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURB), NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio), MLR (monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio), dNLR (derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), GPS (Glasgow prognostic score), PNI (prognostic nutritional index)
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