Oral semaglutide belongs to the group of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues and is used in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients using the drug achieve clinical improvement through normoglycemic effects, support for weight loss, and nephroprotective effects of semaglutide. It also has a number of other properties that can have a beneficial effect on the patient’s body, including preventing progression and exacerbation of complications and comorbidities, and reducing cardiovascular risk, including the risk of mortality. The article presents the mechanism of action of semaglutide, as well as the effectiveness of its oral form.