Women in gastroenterology: what is the current situation? Results of a Polish National Survey

Introduction
The number of women graduating from medical school is on the rise, and in Poland, there is a notable feminisation in the physician profession. In 2023, out of 156,290 practicing physicians, 92,421 were women (59.13%). Female gastroenterologists face numerous challenges during their training, including gender-based prejudice, physical demands of endoscopic procedures, and standardised equipment not designed for smaller hands.

Aim
The study aimed to characterise female gastroenterologists and trainees in Poland and identify potential problems and difficulties in their daily work.

Material and methods
A web-based, voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was sent to female members of the Polish Society of Gastroenterology and participants of the XX Polish Society of Gastroenterology Congress.

Results
The majority of respondents were aged 30–40 years (30.6%) and 40–50 years (29.2%). More female gastroenterologists reside and work in the Masovian Voivodeship (16.7%) than in other regions. The age of completing specialisation is predominantly 30–40 years (76.4%). 37.5% work in cities of more than 500,000 inhabitants. The primary workplaces are gastroenterological wards (66.7%) and endoscopic units (16.7%) within hospitals. Additional workplaces include gastroenterological outpatient clinics (54.9%) and private practices (54.2%). Only 25.7% hold management positions. Common procedures performed include diagnostic gastroscopy (91%), diagnostic colonoscopy (77.1%), and polypectomy (63.2%). 97.9% are satisfied with their specialty choice.

Conclusions
Gender discrimination remains prevalent in various aspects of medicine. Nearly half of the female gastroenterologists experience gender-related limitations in their professional roles. Despite progress, significant efforts are needed to raise awareness and promote gender equality to support women in gastroenterology.