eISSN: 1644-4124
ISSN: 1426-3912
Central European Journal of Immunology
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2/2022
vol. 47
 
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abstract:
Case report

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome identified through reverse phenotyping

Svetlana Kocheva
1
,
Marija Gjorgijevska
2
,
Marija Vujovic
2
,
Kata Martinova
1
,
Zorica Antevska-Trajkova
1
,
Aleksandra Jovanovska
1
,
Katarina Stavrikj
1
,
Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
2

  1. Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic for Children’s Diseases, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
  2. Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov”, MASA, Skopje, North Macedonia
Cent Eur J Immunol 2022; 47 (2): 179-182
Online publish date: 2022/07/15
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Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is a chronic non-malignant lymphoproliferative disorder caused by mutations in the genes involved in programmed cell death. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant pattern with variable penetrance. In this paper we present the first report of a Macedonian family with ALPS, caused by a novel heterozygous variant in the FAS gene. The next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis in a patient with splenomegaly, suspected for hereditary spherocytosis, showed presence of the FAS c.913dupA, p.Thr305AsnfsTer16 variant. The same variant was present in the patient’s mother, but not in the mother’s parents (proband’s grandparents). Thus, the pathogenic FAS variant has arisen as a de novo event in the proband’s mother. Later, analysis of the newborn affected sister showed presence of the same FAS variant. Additional clinical and laboratory investigations in the proband and her sister confirmed the presence of specific biomarkers for ALPS. A first-line NGS analysis allows identification of the genetic defect and initiation of appropriate clinical examinations to promptly establish the clinical diagnosis in patients with rare diseases. Reverse phenotyping in our case provided a prompt and accurate diagnosis and early initiation of specific therapy.
keywords:

ALPS, reverse phenotyping, new pathogenic variant

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