HPV vaccination worldwide and in Poland: successes,
gaps, and the critical role of nursing practice

Zofia Gniadek; Gabriela Bajor; Wiktoria Jurczyk-Florkiewicz; Patrycja Machno; Agata Pszczółka; Joanna Kozak; Kacper Melka; Mikołaj Szulewski; Aleksandra Salagierska; Patryk Matuszczak

doi:10.5114/ppiel.2026.160276

eISSN: 2299-8284
ISSN: 1233-9989

Nursing Problems / Problemy Pielęgniarstwa

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Artykuł przeglądowy

HPV vaccination worldwide and in Poland: successes, gaps, and the critical role of nursing practice

Zofia Gniadek

¹

,

Gabriela Bajor

¹

,

Wiktoria Jurczyk-Florkiewicz

¹

,

Patrycja Machno

¹

,

Agata Pszczółka

²

,

Joanna Kozak

³

,

Kacper Melka

⁴

,

Mikołaj Szulewski

⁵

,

Aleksandra Salagierska

⁶

,

Patryk Matuszczak

²

Postgraduate internship, The University Hospital in Krakow, Poland
Postgraduate internship, SPZOZ Myślenice, Poland
Postgraduate internship, Stefan Zeromski Specialist Hospital in Krakow, Poland
Postgraduate internship, SPZOZ The District Hospital in Opoczno, Poland
Postgraduate internship, The District Hospital in Chrzanów, Poland
Postgraduate internship, 5 Military Clinical Hospital with Polyclinic SPZOZ in Kraków, Poland

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/ppiel.2026.160276

Data publikacji online: 2026/03/24

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Metryki PlumX:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and a major cause of cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers. Prophylactic HPV vaccination is a key element of primary prevention, with nurses playing an important role in vaccine delivery and health education. This narrative review aims to summarise current evidence on HPV infection and vaccination, with particular emphasis on nursing practice.

A narrative review of literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (1999-2025) was conducted. Additionally, official epidemiological data from national and international public health institutions were analysed.

Evidence from countries with established vaccination programmes shows a significant reduction in HPV-related diseases. In Poland, vaccination coverage remains insufficient despite the introduction of a national programme. Strengthening the educational and preventive role of nurses is essential to improve vaccination uptake and reduce the burden of HPV-related cancers.

HPV vaccination worldwide and in Poland: successes, gaps, and the critical role of nursing practice

Zofia Gniadek 1 , Gabriela Bajor 1 , Wiktoria Jurczyk-Florkiewicz 1 , Patrycja Machno 1 , Agata Pszczółka 2 , Joanna Kozak 3 , Kacper Melka 4 , Mikołaj Szulewski 5 , Aleksandra Salagierska 6 , Patryk Matuszczak 2

Zofia Gniadek

¹

,

Gabriela Bajor

¹

,

Wiktoria Jurczyk-Florkiewicz

¹

,

Patrycja Machno

¹

,

Agata Pszczółka

²

,

Joanna Kozak

³

,

Kacper Melka

⁴

,

Mikołaj Szulewski

⁵

,

Aleksandra Salagierska

⁶

,

Patryk Matuszczak

²