ANALYSIS OF TREATMENT METHODS FOR FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES BASED ON THE EXPERIENCE OF A SINGLE CENTER

Background
Femoral neck fractures are among the most common bone injuries in the elderly, primarily resulting from low-energy trauma. It is essential to implement appropriate therapeutic methods that reduce the risk of complications.

Material and methods
The analysis included 157 patients treated between 2021 and 2023 due to femoral neck fractures. The factors considered were age, gender, time from injury to surgery, type of fracture, and Pauwels and Garden classifications. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student's t-test.

Results
Fractures were more common in women (72%), mainly resulting from low-energy trauma (96%). Pauwels type III (65%) and Garden type III (67%) were the most frequent classifications. A statistically significant correlation was observed between age and the degree of severity in the Pauwels classification (p<0.001) and the Garden classification (p<0.001). Most patients (89%) underwent surgical treatment, most commonly partial hip arthroplasty. Younger patients were treated with internal fixation.

Conclusions
The study found a positive correlation between gender and age and the degree in the Pauwels classification, as well as between age and the degree in the Garden’s classification. It was also significant that the youngest age group included patients treated with internal fixation, which is consistent with the analyzed literature. Understanding the epidemiology of femoral neck fractures can contribute to better adjustment of therapeutic strategies.