DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES IN THE PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY MULTISYSTEM SYNDROME (PIMS/MIS-C) IN A 6-YEAR-OLD BOY: 
A CASE REPORT

Alicja Kamińska; Bartłomiej Żaczek; Jakub Kozłowski; Marta Czubaj-Kowal; Mateusz Heba; Elżbieta Rychlicka; Aleksandra Kocjan; Kamil Marzec; Wojciech Kupczak

doi:10.5114/hpc.2025.147765

eISSN: 2354-0265
ISSN: 2353-6942

Health Problems of Civilization Physical activity: diseases and issues recognized by the WHO

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DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES IN THE PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY MULTISYSTEM SYNDROME (PIMS/MIS-C) IN A 6-YEAR-OLD BOY: A CASE REPORT

Alicja Kamińska

¹

,

Bartłomiej Żaczek

²

,

Jakub Kozłowski

³

,

Marta Czubaj-Kowal

^{1, 3}

,

Mateusz Heba

³

,

Elżbieta Rychlicka

³

,

Aleksandra Kocjan

⁴

,

Kamil Marzec

³

,

Wojciech Kupczak

³

Stefan Żeromski Specialist Hospital, Kraków, Poland
University Children's Hospital of Cracow (UCH), Kraków, Poland
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
Ludwik Rydygier Specialist Hospital, Kraków, Poland

Health Prob Civil.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hpc.2025.147765

Data publikacji online: 2025/02/20

Plik artykułu:

- Kamińska et al.pdf [0.36 MB]

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Metryki PlumX:

1. Acholonu C, Cohen E, Afzal SY, Jani P, Tesher M. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Pediatr Ann. 2023; 52(3): e114-e121. https://doi.org/10.3928/19382359-20230119-03

2. Tripathi AK, Pilania RK, Bhatt GC, Atlani M, Kumar A, Malik S. Acute kidney injury following multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023; 38(2): 357-370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-022-05701-3

3. Opoka-Winiarska V, Grywalska E, Roliński J. PIMS-TS, the new paediatric systemic inflammatory disease related to previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection – "rheumatic fever" of the 21st century?. Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 26; 22(9): 4488. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094488

4. WHO. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents with COVID-19 [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2020 May 15 [access 2025 Feb 1]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-and-adolescents-with-covid-19

5. Middelburg JG, Crijnen TEM, D'Antiga L, Verdoni L, Chikermane A, Garg P, et al. Association of ethnicity with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children related to SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international case-referent study. Front Pediatr. 2021; 9: 707650. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.707650

6. McCrindle BW, Manlhiot C. SARS-CoV-2-related inflammatory multisystem syndrome in children: different or shared etiology and pathophysiology as Kawasaki disease?. JAMA. 2020; 324(3): 246-248. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.10370

7. Zhang QY, Xu BW, Du JB. Similarities and differences between multiple inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment. World J Pediatr. 2021; 17(4): 335-340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-021-00435-y

8. Whittaker E, Bamford A, Kenny J, Kaforou M, Jones CE, Shah P, et al. PIMS-TS study group and EUCLIDS and PERFORM consortia. Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated With SARS-CoV-2. JAMA. 2020; 324(3): 259-269. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.10369

9. Chakraborty A, Philip R, Santoso M, Naik R, Merlocco A, Johnson JN. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19: institutional protocol-based medium-term follow-up study. Pediatr Cardiol. 2022; 43(8): 1879-1887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-022-02927-8

10. La Torre F, Taddio A, Conti C, Cattalini M. Multi-Inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in 2023: is it time to forget about it?. Children (Basel). 2023; 10(6): 980. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10060980

Copyright: © 2025 Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.

DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES IN THE PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY MULTISYSTEM SYNDROME (PIMS/MIS-C) IN A 6-YEAR-OLD BOY: A CASE REPORT

Alicja Kamińska 1 , Bartłomiej Żaczek 2 , Jakub Kozłowski 3 , Marta Czubaj-Kowal 1, 3 , Mateusz Heba 3 , Elżbieta Rychlicka 3 , Aleksandra Kocjan 4 , Kamil Marzec 3 , Wojciech Kupczak 3

Alicja Kamińska

¹

,

Bartłomiej Żaczek

²

,

Jakub Kozłowski

³

,

Marta Czubaj-Kowal

^{1, 3}

,

Mateusz Heba

³

,

Elżbieta Rychlicka

³

,

Aleksandra Kocjan

⁴

,

Kamil Marzec

³

,

Wojciech Kupczak

³