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Artykuły autora: Marzena Demska
 
Dodane 31.08.2011
Rola kinazy syntazy glikogenu 3β w chorobach ośrodkowego układu nerwowego
Izoforma β kinazy syntazy glikogenu 3 (GSK3β), enzymu występującego w szczególnie dużym stężeniu w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym, ma kluczowe znaczenie dla jego prawidłowego rozwoju i funkcjonowania. Omówiono rolę GSK3β w patogenezie chorób afektywnych, schizofrenii, choroby Alzheimera i innych chorób neurologicznych oraz w neurogenezie. Wysunięto przypuszczenie, że fosforylacja GSK3β przez nieselektywne inhibitory cyklooksygenazy (COX) może stanowić część mechanizmu, w którym wybrane nieselektywne inhibitory COX zmniejszają ryzyko wystąpienia choroby Alzheimera oraz choroby Parkinsona. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na potencjał terapeutyczny inhibitorów GSK3 β. Podano również informacje dotyczące regulacji aktywności GSK3β w komórce, miejsca GSK3 β w szlaku przekazywania sygnału Wnt, związku GSK3β z pamięcią, plastycznością neuronalną i rytmami okołodobowymi.
 
Dodane 31.08.2011
Objawy zespołu czołowego w schizofrenii i otępieniu czołowo-skroniowym: implikacje diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne
Kora przedczołowa u człowieka stanowi podłoże złożonych procesów psychicznych, takich jak funkcje wykonawcze, pamięć operacyjna, planowanie, podejmowanie decyzji i przetwarzanie sygnałów emocjonalnych. Zaburzenia jej funkcji są przyczyną deterioracji zachowania, która manifestuje się objawami zespołu czołowego. Wyniki badań neuropsychologicznych i neuroobrazowych wskazują na zmiany struktury i funkcji PFC w schizofrenii. Są one przyczyną objawów deficytowych. Otępienie czołowo-skroniowe jest chorobą neurodegeneracyjną będącą skutkiem zmian zanikowych płata czołowego i/lub skroniowego. Manifestuje się ona głównie objawami neuropsychiatrycznymi. Zmiany strukturalne i funkcjonalne PFC mogą mieć różną etiologię, natomiast konsekwencje jej uszkodzenia bywają podobne. Podobieństwa te mogą być przyczyną trudności diagnostycznych, szczególnie w przypadku schizofrenii z dominującymi objawami deficytowymi i wczesnego początku FTD.
 
Dodane 31.08.2011
Zaburzenia przetwarzania języka figuratywnego w afazji
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
Successful switch from transdermal buprenorphine to oral controlled-release oxycodone in a patient with locally advanced prostate cancer: a case report and review of the literature
The aim of this case report is to depict a patient with locally advanced prostate cancer who was successfully switched from transdermal buprenorphine to oral, controlled-release oxycodone. A 79-year-old man was admitted to the palliative medicine out-patient clinic due to progression of prostate cancer after radical radiotherapy. His main complaint was pain in the perineum of severe intensity. The patient was treated with transdermal buprenorphine (TB) starting with the dose of 35 μg/h, subsequently increased to 52.5 μg/h and finally to 70 μg/h but after 4 months analgesia was unsatisfactory. In addition, the patient experienced drowsiness. TB was stopped and oxycodone controlled-release 10 mg twice daily was started, after 2 days increased to 20 mg twice daily, achieving satisfactory analgesia and less drowsiness. No significant adverse effects were present apart from moderate constipation controlled with lactulose. The patient continues his regimen with success and improvement in his quality of life.
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
Physical activity, life satisfaction and adjustment to illness in women after treatment of breast cancer
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
Small intestine-derived gastrointestinal stromal tumour diagnosed synchronously with colon adenocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) account for 0.1-3% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Although nausea, emesis, abdominal pain, GIS haemorrhage, and non-specific symptoms associated with metastatic disease are common, asymptomatic cases are not rare. They are located in the stomach in approximately 60-70% of cases, and in the small intestine in 20-30% of cases. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours can be seen synchronously or metachronously with other epithelial cancers. The co-occurrence of colon adenocarcinomas and GISTs in the small intestine is not common. The genetic pathways in the tumourigenesis of two different neoplasms (GIST and colorectal adenocarcinoma) being different was suggested as a probable cause; however; although the number of cases is limited, some researchers have reported that they could not rule out the possibility that this association is not coincidental. Herein we present a patient who was concomitantly diagnosed with a GIST as a result of an ileal lesion biopsy performed during surgery for colon adenocarcinoma.
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
PET/CT in recognition of a complicated case of adenocarcinoma within ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in a patient after restorative proctocolectomy for familial adenomatous polyposis
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
Radiation recall dermatitis induced by Amol during tamoxifen therapy – case report
In the course of radiation therapy different types of adverse reactions of the skin are observed in approximately 95% of patients. Among the various complications encountered after radiotherapy, radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) deserves special attention. Radiation dermatitis is a form of delayed hypersensitivity of irradiated skin, and the direct trigger factors are medicines – most chemotherapeutics. The reaction is an inflammatory dermatosis. It is limited to previously irradiated skin and appears a number of months after radiotherapy. The aetiology of RRD is still unclear. Its clinical presentation may vary from mild erythema to necrosis and ulceration. The article presents the case of a 50-year-old patient, who after radiotherapy for breast cancer, during the hormonal therapy (tamoxifen), developed RRD type skin reactions after skin application of Amol. The article presents a detailed differential diagnosis of skin changes of RRD type, and discusses the principles of treatment and prevention.
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia during pegylated liposomal doxorubicin treatment – case report
Palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE), also called hand-foot syndrome (HFS), is a distinctive and relatively frequent dermatological toxic reaction associated with certain chemotherapeutic agents: pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, capecitabine, a long-circulating formulation of doxorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, interleukin 2. HFS typically presents with dysaesthesia and tingling in the hands and feet. Dysaesthesias and erythema may occur on several other body surfaces, especially in areas where pressure or increased warmth occurs, such as on the buttocks, groin, under pendulous breasts, and in the axillae. We present the case of a 56-year-old woman with HFS in the axillae, inguen and on the skin of the back and abdomen during treatment with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for metastatic breast cancer. After four cycles of chemotherapy, treatment was interrupted due to HFS (G3 according to NCI CTC). Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia is an oppressive complication after chemotherapy; it often makes normal daily activity impossible, deteriorates the patient’s quality of life and frequently limits chances of effective treatment.
 
Dodane 25.07.2011
Cerebral complications induced by calcineurin inhibitors in children after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Calcineurin inhibitors (CI), such as tacrolimus and cyclosporin A (CSA), are routinely used for prophylaxis and therapy of graft- versus -host disease (GVHD) after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and solid organ transplantation. Neurotoxicity is a well-known side effect of calcineurin inhibitor therapy with multifactorial pathogenesis. In this paper we report the clinical and radiological features of CI-induced cerebral complications in four paediatric patients after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The most common symptoms in this series of patients were seizures and disturbances of consciousness. Abnormalities in neuroimaging suggested CI-induced leukoencephalopathy or reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome or showed cerebral haemorrhage. Other possible causes of neurological complications, such as delayed cyclosporin A toxicity, post-transplant microangiopathy, hypertension or thrombocytopenia are discussed. We also present a review of the literature of tacrolimus-induced neurotoxicity in children. So far, 47 case reports of children and adolescents up to 21 years of age with tacrolimus-induced encephalopathy have been described in the literature. The clinical features of tacrolimus-induced leukoencephalopathy in children are similar to those reported in adults.
 
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